在全反射棱镜式激光陀螺中，谐振腔应力的来源较复杂，应力过大将影响陀螺精度。基于棱镜材料在应力作用下介电常数变化，利用琼斯矩阵和弹光效应理论，系统研究了应力双折射效应对陀螺实际输出的影响，计算获得棱镜布儒斯特角位置反射光、透射光的能量场分布，解释了反射光斑中出现干涉条纹的原因。通过改变应力场分布函数，具体模拟棱镜与腔体光胶面内存在均匀梯度应力场、集中点应力场、复杂应力场时棱镜反射光强分布情况。进行相关实验验证了模拟结果的正确性，提出设计了一种工程化的棱镜及相关产品应力检测工装。

The sources of cavity stress in total reflection prisms laser gyro are complex, and strong stress may seriously affect the gyro′s accuracy. Based on the prism material dielectric constant change under stress, the effect of stress-birefringence on the gyro output is analyzed systematically by using Jones matrix and the elastic-optic effect theory. The energy distributions of the reflected and transmitted light are obtained at Brewster angle, and the explanation of the reflected interference speckle is given. The reflected light intensity is simulated corresponding to uniform gradient, point concentration and complex stresses fields between the prism and cavity. The related experimental results agree with the simulation. An engineered equipment for prism and other correlates stress detection is designed.