从理论上计算了鬼成像系统的返回信号和目标之间的互信息,利用数值模拟研究了它与系统图像重建质量之间的关系。分析表明，该互信息同时依赖于系统所使用的散斑场和成像目标的类型。结果显示，对于给定类型的目标，存在特定的散斑场使得上述互信息取得极大值，且在同样的采样数条件下，使用该散斑场的鬼成像系统可以获得最佳的图像重建质量。在此基础上提出可以通过最大化互信息来设计、优化鬼成像系统。

The mutual information between the detected signals and the targets of ghost imaging systems is calculated, and its relation to the reconstructions is studied by numerical simulations. Results show that for given type of targets, there is a certain set of speckle patterns maximizing the mutual information under which condition the best reconstruction can be achieved using the same number of sampling data points. Based on these results, it is proposed to design and optimize the ghost imaging system by maximizing the mutual information.