在已知大气气溶胶折射率和气溶胶谱分布的基础上, 对近红外波段的气溶胶衰减特性进行了研究。利用Mie散射理论计算并讨论了气溶胶的消光、散射、吸收效率因子随尺度参数的变化和消光系数随半径和波长的变化, 并且在MATLAB中对各种变化情况进行了仿真。结果表明, 三种气溶胶粒子的消光和散射能力依次为沙尘性粒子, 水溶性粒子, 烟煤。消光系数在粒子半径和入射波长相近时达到最大, 并且粒子半径对消光、散射、吸收系数的影响比入射波长更明显。这些结论可以为红外辐射在大气中的衰减计算和分析提供依据。

Based on the refractive indices of atmospheric aerosols and measured values of aerosol size distribution function, aerosol attenuation characteristics have been studied in Near-infrared bands. The paper uses Mie scattering theory to calculate and discuss the mathematical characters of the extinction efficiency, scattering efficiency, absorption efficiency and extinction coefficient with the change of radius of aerosols and wavelength, which have been simulated in MATLAB. The results show that scattering capability of three kind of the atmospheric aerosols are dust aerosol, dissolvable particle, smoke aerosols in order in Near-infrared bands. Extinction coefficient of the particle is the most when radius is close to the incident wavelength, and the impact of the particle radius on the extinction, scattering, absorption coefficient is more than the incident wavelength. These results can provide reference for calculating and analyzing the attenuation of infrared radiation in the atmosphere.