为实现静电纺丝纳米纤维生物支架的可控制备, 实验研究了不同溶剂挥发速度对聚己酸内酯(Polycaprolactone, PCL)纳米纤维直径和纤维沉积面积的影响。首先, 使用挥发速度不同的溶剂分别配制相同浓度的PCL纺丝溶液, 在外加电压为15 kV, 纤维接收距离为12 cm的条件下进行静电纺丝; 然后, 利用钨灯丝扫描电镜测量所制备的纳米纤维直径和沉积面积, 并使用最小二乘法拟合计算实验数据, 推导出溶剂挥发速度与纤维直径和纤维沉积面积的比例关系。结果表明, 随着溶剂挥发速度的增加, 纳米纤维的平均直径从98 nm(标准偏差为21.14 nm)上升到205 nm(标准偏差为38.83 nm),溶剂挥发速度与纤维直径的比例关系为: d∝N0.25i; 纤维的沉积面积从143 cm2下降到35 cm2, 溶剂挥发速度与纤维沉积面积的比例关系为: S∝N-0.18i。实验结果和建立的比例关系式能够为纳米纤维生物支架的可控制备提供可靠的数据基础和理论指导。

To achieve the controllable manufacturing of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds, the effects of evaporation rates of different solvents on the fiber diameters and deposition configurations of electrospun nanofibers were investigated experimentally. Firstly, polycaprolactone (PCL) was respectively dissolved in various solvents with different evaporation rates and the electrospun was performed under applied voltage of 15 kV and a receiving distance of 12 cm. Then, the diameters and deposited areas of nanofibers were measured by a scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, relational expressions between the average diameter and the solvent evaporation rate, the deposited area and the solvent evaporation rate were established by using least square method. The results show that the average diameter of nanofibers increases from 98 nm( with the standard deviation 21.14 nm) to 205 nm (with the standard deviation 38.83 nm) and the deposited areas of electrospun nanofiber webs decrease from 143 cm2 to 35 cm2 with increasing solvent evaporation rates. The mean diameter of nanofiners has a proportion relation with solvent evaporation rate of d∝N0.25i and the relation of evaporation rate and deposition area is S∝N-0.18i. The experimental results and relational expressions can offer the valuable information for guiding the controllable manufacturing of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds.