为了实现对太阳辐射的绝对测量和大气特性的精确反演, 研制了光谱覆盖范围在04～10 μm的高精度太阳光谱辐照度仪。 太阳辐照度仪采用Fèry棱镜实现入射太阳光的色散, 闭环控制光谱扫描机构的方法实现光谱扫描。 论文详细介绍了太阳辐照度仪光谱扫描测量部分的设计。 给出了Fèry棱镜的设计要求, 实现单一元件完成光谱色散; 利用陷阱探测器进行光谱采集, 保证了测量精度; 结合探测器的性能参数, 说明了温控的需求和方法; 介绍了光谱扫描结构的设计方法, 实现了精确的波长定位; 给出了音圈电机的参数、 稳定性和供电要求, 实现了0025%的波长定位误差。 开展室外观测实验, 实现了04～10 μm波段的太阳细分光谱扫描测量, 并分别与可见-短波红外光谱仪和自动太阳光度计(CE318)进行了对比。 结果表明, 辐照度仪的光谱扫描测量结果的吸收峰波长值吻合, 与CE318全天测量数据的相对偏差小于013%, 可见波段的光学厚度的相对偏差小于2%, 近红外波段的相对偏差小于4%。

In order to measure the radiation of the sun absolutely and retrieve the characterization of the atmosphere precisely, a high-precision solar spectral irradiance meter working in 04～10 μm band was developed. A Fèry prism was employed to disperse the incident sunlight and a closed-loop control method was adopted for spectral scanning in this solar irradiance meter. The design of spectral scanning measurement was depicted in detail. The design requirements of Fèry prism were given and spectral dispersion was achieved by single element. The trap detectors were used to ensure precise spectral measurement. According to the parameters of the trap detectors, the demands and method of temperature control were introduced. The design of spectral scanning structure was introduced, and wavelengths were positioned accurately. The requirements for parameters, stability and power supply of voice coil actuator were given and the wavelength position error of 0025% was achieved. Spectral scanning measurement of 04～10 μm was accomplished in outdoor experiments. A comparison was carried out with visible-short wave infrared spectrometer and auto-sunphotometer(CE318). Results indicate that absorption peak locations of spectral scanning measurement of irradiance meter are correct, and the relative deviation from CE318 measurements is less than 013% for all day, and the relative deviation of optical depth in visible and near infrared band is less than 2% and 5%, respectively.