针对圆柱型高精密零件高曲率表面缺陷检测的问题，设计并实现了基于机器视觉的在线检测系统。检测时，为了解决金属件表面反光的问题，设计了专用的光源系统和照明方式。通过光学系统和机械旋转平台的配合，圆柱型零件在旋转的过程中被光学系统成像，从而可以采集到完整的圆柱面图像；经过快速的图像处理技术，可以检测到微米级的轴承表面缺陷；然后对表面缺陷进行形貌分析，确定缺陷的类型。检测结果表明系统具有效率高、精度高、易于使用等特点，可有效解决圆柱型高精密零件表面缺陷在线检测的问题。

High precision bearing is a kind of cylindrical parts. A machine vision based online detection system is designed and implemented to meet the need of high curvature surface defects detection of cylindrical parts. During the measurement, a special light source and a lighting system are used to solve the problem of the reflections on the metal surface. Through the combination of optical systems and mechanical rotating platform, cylindrical parts are imaged by the optical system in the process of rotation, then a complete cylindrical surface image can be acquired. Micron surface defects and dimensions of bearing can be detected after using the fast image processing technique. Through the analysis on the morphology of surface defects, the type of defects can be determined. Experiments show that the proposed system has the features of high efficiency, high accuracy and ease of use. It can effectively meet the needs of high precision bearing detection and dimension online detection.