采用正交实验优化了激光加工导轨试样的工艺参数，用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和显微硬度计对试样进行了显微组织分析和硬度测试，并在油润滑下与常规处理试样进行了磨损性能对比试验。结果显示，电流对硬化深度影响最显著，然后依次为扫描速度、脉宽和频率，优化后的激光加工参数：扫描速度为0.25 mm/s，电流为150 A，脉宽为10 ms，频率为7 Hz。激光加工试样熔凝区分布有球状石墨，相变区晶粒尺寸较熔凝区更细小，分布更均匀；硬度较常规处理有显著提高，其分布无变化梯度。当循环次数达38000时，激光加工试样较常规处理试样耐磨性提高约1倍。

The laser processing parameters of the sample guideway are optimized through orthogonal experiment. The microstructure analysis and hardness test of the laser-treated sample are carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and microhardness tester, and a contrast test of wear-resistance between the laser-treated and normally treated samples is conducted in oil-lubricated conditions. The results show that hardening depth is influenced most strongly by current, followed successively by scanning speed, pulse width and frequency. The optimized laser processing parameters are as follows: 0.25 mm/s for scanning speed, 150 A for current, 10 ms for pulse width, and 7 Hz for frequency. The spheroidal graphite is observed in the melted region of the laser-treated sample. The grain size in the phase transformation region is much smaller than that in the melted region and the grain is more evenly distributed. Compared with the normal treatment, laser processing produces a dramatic improvement in hardness without variation of gradient in distribution. When the cycle number reaches 38000, the wear-resistance of the laser-treated sample is almost one time higher than that of the normally treated one.