为了研究白宝石在纳秒激光辐照下表面损伤的特性，利用有限元方法对脉冲激光作用下白宝石的温度场进行仿真，分析白宝石中Cu杂质在不同激光能量密度下的温升变化，以及杂质尺寸对温升的影响，并采用波长1064 nm、脉宽6 ns的激光对两种不同尺寸白宝石晶体材料进行实验，对材料的损伤阈值、损伤位置分布、不同激光能量密度对损伤面积的影响以及损伤增长特性进行了分析。结果表明，杂质吸收机制可以较好地解释白宝石在纳秒激光脉冲辐照下的损伤过程，且仿真结果与实验结果吻合较好，当“1-on-1”辐照时，材料表面的损伤面积随着激光能量密度的增大呈线性增长，当“s-on-1”辐照时，材料后表面的损伤面积随脉冲次数增大呈指数增长。

Laser-induced damage morphology using nanosecond laser pulses on sapphire surfaces is reported. The temperature variation of sapphire inclusion (Cu) under different laser fluence irradiations is analyzed, and the temperature variation of inclusion′s dimension radius is simulated by finite element method. The laser-induced damage experiment of two sapphires with different sizes are investigated by 6 ns pulse width, 1064 nm laser. At the same time, the sapphire laser-induced damage threshold, damage position distribution, influence of different laser fluences on the damage area and damage growth characteristics are analyzed. Results show that the inclusion absorption mechanisms can preferably explain the sapphire damage under the nanosecond laser pulse irradiation, and simulation results are in agreement with the experimental results. In addition, with the 1-on-1 irradiation, sapphire surface damage area gets larger with the increase of laser fluence linearly, while with the s-on-1 irradiation, the damage area on the back surface exponentialy grows with laser shot number.