提出了一种基于斯托克斯(Stokes)参量测量的偏振共焦显微成像新方法。以斯托克斯参量、偏振度、相位差、方位角和椭率角等偏振参量作为成像物理量，通过系统集成方法将斯托克斯参量测量系统整合到共焦显微成像系统，通过共焦显微成像系统的显微物镜将激光聚焦到样品表面，而带有样品偏振信息的反射光进入斯托克斯参量测量系统进行偏振测量，把从斯托克斯参量测量系统中出射的4个斯托克斯光分别聚焦到4个点探测器进行光电探测，实现斯托克斯参量的共焦探测，同时获得同一物点的4个斯托克斯参量以及偏振度、相位差、方位角和椭率角等偏振参量。对样品进行二维扫描，获得不同物点的4个斯托克斯参量及其相关的偏振参量，利用计算机软件进行图像重建，从而获得样品的斯托克斯参量及其相关偏振参量的共焦显微图像。

A new method based on Stokes parameters measurement of polarization imaging combined with the confocal microscopy is described. The Stokes parameters, degree of polarization, azimuth and ellipticity are used to be the imaging parameters. The confocal microscopy is combined with the Stokes parameters measurement technique by system integration. The light beam from the laser is focused on the surface of the sample by an objective lens of the confocal microscopy. The reflective light with the information of the sample is measured by the division-of-amplitude Stokes parameters measuring system. In the measuring system, the light is focused on the photosensitive area by a positive lens before detected by the point detector. It makes the system a confocal microscopy imaging system. The polarization parameters including four Stokes parameters, degree of polarization, azimuth and ellipticity of the same object point can be got at the same time. Associated with the two dimensional scanning, Stokes parameters and other polarization parameters of the different object points can be detected. By using the imaging processing software, the imaging of the Stokes parameters and other polarization parameters based on confocal microscopy is realized.