给出了一种基于梯形慢波结构的相对论返波管结构,并采用2.5维全电磁PIC粒子模拟软件对其前端注入锁相进行了模拟研究。注入功率从二极管区注入相对论返波管中,注入功率50 kW,注入比-48.3dB时,返波管输出的相位抖动在±20°范围内,并拟合了返波管相位抖动与注入功率之间关系,给出了判断返波管相位抖动大小的经验公式。注入功率提高至120MW,注入比-14.5dB时,注入信号对相对论返波管输出的频率实现了牵引。

An relativistic backward wave oscillator (RBWO) with trapezium slow wave structure is studied. Properties of the RBWO are investigated and optimized by the 2.5-dimensional fully electromagnetic PIC software. An external microwave signal is injected into the RBWO from diode area. When the injected power is 50 kW, and the injected power ratio is -48.3 dB, the relative phase between the RBWO output microwave and the injected signal is less than ±20°. The formula that describes the relationship between the RBWO output microwave phase jitter and the injected power is given. When the injected power is increased to 120 MW, and the injected power ratio is increased to -14.5 dB, the frequency of the RBWO output microwave is locked.