中国激光, 2014, 41 (10): 1003007, 网络出版: 2014-08-26  

5083铝合金光纤激光填丝焊接工艺

Fiber Laser Welding of 5083 Aluminum Alloy with Filler Wire
作者单位
北京工业大学激光工程研究院, 北京 100124
摘要
5083铝合金广泛应用于船舶、高速列车等制造领域。为了解决激光焊接对这类合金存在的凹陷和咬边问题,采用5087焊丝作为填充材料,对4 mm厚的5083铝合金进行光纤激光焊接试验,分析了影响焊缝成形的主要因素,并对接头的组织、力学性能及断口特征进行了评价。研究结果表明:与自熔焊相比,填丝焊工艺参数为功率6 kW,焊接速度7.5 m/min,送丝速度4.5 m/min,光丝间距1.0 mm时能够消除焊缝表面的凹陷及咬边缺陷,获得成形饱满,组织细小的焊缝。填丝焊接头抗拉强度平均值为304 MPa,约为母材的88%,比自熔焊提高了6.17%左右;延伸率平均为5.43%,比自熔焊提高了52%。拉伸后断于焊缝,断口呈现典型的韧性断裂特征。
Abstract
5083 aluminum alloy is widely used in shipbuilding and high speed train manufacturing industry. The main problems, such as sag and undercut, occur during fiber laser welding of 5083 aluminum alloy. To overcome these problems, 5083 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 4 mm is welded using 5087 filler wire in our present work. The effects of welding parameters on the weld forming are studied in details. And the microstructure and mechanical properties of joints are also investigated. The result shows that fiber laser welding with filler wire can effectively avoid the weld surface depression and undercut defects by choosing suitable processing parameters as power of 6 kW, welding speed of 7.5 m/min, wire feed rate of 4.5 m/min, distance between laser and wire of 1.0 mm, and also gets a good joint forming with fine grain weld. The average tensile strength of the joint with filler wire is 304 MPa, about 88% of the parent material, which is also about 6.17% higher than that of the autogenous weld. The average elongation of 5.43 % with filler wire is found, which increases by 52% than that of the autogenous joint. After the transverse tensile test, the joint with filler wire is fractured along the weld, which shows the ductile characteristics.

孔晓芳, 李飞, 吕俊霞, 吴世凯, 肖荣诗. 5083铝合金光纤激光填丝焊接工艺[J]. 中国激光, 2014, 41(10): 1003007. Kong Xiaofang, Li Fei, Lü Junxia, Wu Shikai, Xiao Rongshi. Fiber Laser Welding of 5083 Aluminum Alloy with Filler Wire[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2014, 41(10): 1003007.

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