利用激光云高仪数据资料, 得出气溶胶后向散射系数时序图、消光系数廓线图以及能见度, 结合探空资料、自动气象站数据以及能见度仪数据, 综合分析了雾霾天气过程.结果表明:雾霾天气的出现受气象要素的影响较大, 静、小风有利于霾的出现, 较高的相对湿度有利于雾霾共存, 并且对能见度产生较大影响; 雾后向散射强度较大, 后向散射系数在垂直方向变化率大, 出现高度较低; 霾后向散射强度较小, 霾空间分布均匀, 后向散射系数垂直变化小, 出现高度较高.利用激光云高仪数据反演水平能见度和垂直能见度, 所得水平能见度与能见度仪所测能见度基本一致.垂直能见度与相对湿度日变化趋势大致相反, 与风速日变化趋势基本一致; 分析雾和霾天气下后向散射系数随时间变化特征发现, 雾霾天气下傅里叶变换的功率谱分布, 与雾和霾的边界特征相对应.

To investigate the optical characteristics of haze-fog, sequence diagram of backscattering coefficient, profiles of extinction coefficient, visibility were retrieved from data of laser ceilometer. Combining data from sounding, automatic meteorological station and visibility sensor, analyses of haze-fog process were performed. The results show that the occurrence of haze-fog is strongly influenced by meteorological elements, static, small wind is benefit to the emergence of the haze, while higher relative humidity which has great influence on visibility often leads to coexist of haze and fog. The fog which often occurs in low altitude has stronger backscattering, large vertical rate of change, while haze often has weaker backscattering, smaller vertical rate of change and larger span in vertical direction; The variation of backscattering coefficient in the fog and haze were analyzed, both horizontal visibility and vertical visibility were obtained from data of ceilometer. The horizontal visibility was consistent with visibility from visibility sensor, and the variation of vertical visibility had opposite trends with relative humidity while has the same trends with wind speed. By analyzing variation of backscattering coefficient with time, the Fourier transform power spectral distribution was obtained, this distribution was corresponding with the border characteristics of fog and haze.