为实现光束控制系统的无机械化、快速化和微小化，研制基于介电润湿效应的液体光学棱镜。分析界面形状随电压的变化，推导接触角与两侧工作电压的关系，测量系统对光束的偏转角，讨论接触角饱和及液体折射率对系统控光能力的影响。采用COMSOL软件仿真研究液体粘性对棱镜性能的影响。结果表明，在不同电压组合下，双液体界面从初始弯曲界面变为与水平方向呈不同倾斜角的平界面，从而实现对入射光束方向的控制和偏转。受电润湿饱和现象的影响，该液体棱镜的偏转范围为-10°~+10°。若选用的液体组合可降低甚至消除接触角饱和，且具有大的折射率比，则系统的控光能力将得到大幅提高。当动力粘度取0.03 Pa·s时，系统的响应速度和稳定性能最佳。

A liquid micro-optical prism based on electrowetting is developed for wide angle beam tracking and steering. The shape of the two liquid interfaces is analyzed, the relationship between contact angle and two voltages is derived, and the deflection of the beam from the system is detected. In the meantime, COMSOL software is employed to analyze the effect of dynamic viscosity on the prism′s response time and stability. The results indicate that the contact angle between the conductive fluid and wall changes, then interface of the immiscible liquids is rendered into plane accordingly when different voltages are applied on the wall. It succeeds in controlling beam tracking and steering as traditional optical prism. Due to electrowetting saturation, the maximum deflection of the liquid prism approaches to 20° (-10°~+10°); If the electrowetting saturation is decreased or even eliminated while ratio of the refractive indexes of two liquids is increased, the ability of deflection of the system will be enhanced largely. To achieve stable performance and stability of the prism, the optimal dynamic viscosity should be 0.03 Pa·s.