光学 精密工程, 2014, 22 (11): 2879, 网络出版: 2014-12-08   

基于点扩散函数的小目标辐射测量

Radiation measurement of small targets based on PSF
作者单位
1 中国科学院 长春光学精密机械与物理研究所, 吉林 长春 130033
2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
摘要
提出了一种基于点扩散函数(PSF)精确测量尺寸很小或者距离很远的一类小目标的红外辐射特性的方法。该方法在已知目标几何形状的前提下, 采用倾斜刃边法测得光学系统的点扩散函数;对目标成像和探测器焦平面阵列采样过程进行建模, 得到目标在探测器上成像的模拟图像;通过对红外系统捕获的模拟图像与真实图像进行匹配获得最优化估计的目标亮度、尺寸以及中心位置。最后, 通过实验对该方法进行了验证。结果显示: 圆形目标温度为70℃, 理想几何成像直径大于4个像元时, 测得的辐射亮度最大误差为2.35%;目标尺寸(面积)最大误差为1.89%。该方法可用于获取目标和背景辐射特性, 测试红外成像系统性能, 完成图像复原和小目标定位等。
Abstract
A measurement algorithm based on Point Spread Function (PSF) was proposed to accurately measure radiation characteristics of infrared small targets which are tiny or quite far away from the IR imaging system. With the method, the PSF of the optical system was measured by using the slanted edge method under the premise of given target shapes. Then, the processes of imaging and sampling of the infrared focal plane arrays were modeled and the simulated image of the target on a detector was obtained. Furthermore, the radiance, size and center position of the target were estimated accurately by matching the simulated image and the actual image obtained from the IR imaging system. Finally, experiments were performed to verify this method. The obtained results show when the temperature of a circular target is 70 ℃ and the ideal imaging diameter is greater than 4 pixels, the maximum error of radiance measurement is 2.35% and that of the target size (area) measurement is 1.89%. The experimental results demonstrate that the method is feasible and is suitable for capturing radiation properties of targets or backgrounds, performance measurement of infrared systems, image restoration and small target positioning.

常松涛, 孙志远, 张尧禹, 朱玮. 基于点扩散函数的小目标辐射测量[J]. 光学 精密工程, 2014, 22(11): 2879. CHANG Song-tao, SUN Zhi-yuan, ZHANG Yao-yu, ZHU Wei. Radiation measurement of small targets based on PSF[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2014, 22(11): 2879.

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