对TDLAS直接吸收信号进行仿真研究, 能够充分了解TDLAS直接吸收的过程以及各个物理参量的变化对吸收信号的影响。首先全面研究分析了TDLAS直接吸收方法的理论基础及算法, 给出了基于朗伯-比尔定率的气体吸收线强、吸收截面、浓度、线型函数以及气体总体配分函数等参量的表达式及计算步骤。基于HITRAN光谱数据库, 利用MATLAB程序对TDLAS直接吸收过程进行了仿真, 计算得到了一定温度、压力、浓度等条件下的吸收谱数据。以H2O为研究对象, 仿真了其在各个线型下的吸收谱, 并与商用软件Hitran-PC的结果进行比较, 结果显示两者在Lorentz线型下的最大误差小于0.5%, 在Gauss线型下的最大误差小于2.5%, 在Voigt线型下的最大误差小于1%, 因此验证了仿真算法及结果的正确性。还对不同压力和温度下ν2+ν3谱带H2O的吸收谱进行了仿真, 研究了吸收谱随压力和温度变化规律。在低压范围, 多普勒展宽占主导, 线宽随压力变化很小, 而幅度随压力增大而增大, 在高压范围, 碰撞展宽占主导, 线宽随压力增大而增大, 而幅度则随压力增大而趋于定值。最后还给出了大气环境温度范围内的温度修正曲线。该研究可以为TDLAS直接吸收方法的实际应用提供理论参考和指导。

Simulating of the direct absorption TDLAS spectrum can help to comprehend the process of the absorbing and understand the influence on the absorption signal with each physical parameter. Firstly, the basic theory and algorithm of direct absorption TDLAS is studied and analyzed thoroughly, through giving the expressions and calculating steps of parameters based on Lambert-Beer’s law, such as line intensity, absorption cross sections, concentration, line shape and gas total partition functions. The process of direct absorption TDLAS is simulated using MATLAB programs based on HITRAN spectra database, with which the absorptions under a certain temperature, pressure, concentration and other conditions were calculated. Water vapor is selected as the target gas, the absorptions of which under every line shapes were simulated. The results were compared with that of the commercial simulation software, Hitran-PC, which showed that, the deviation under Lorentz line shape is less than 0.5%, and that under Gauss line shape is less than 2.5%, while under Voigt line shape it is less than 1%. It verified that the algorithm and results of this work are correct and accurate. The absorption of H2O in ν2+ν3 band under different pressure and temperature is also simulated. In low pressure range, the Doppler broadening dominant, so the line width changes little with varied pressure, while the line peak increases with rising pressure. In high pressure range, the collision broadening dominant, so the line width changes wider with increasing pressure, while the line peak approaches to a constant value with rising pressure. And finally, the temperature correction curve in atmosphere detection is also given. The results of this work offer the reference and instruction for the application of TDLAS direct absorption.