以现有光纤传感技术为基础，论述了不同光学原理下的光纤传感技术在水质检测领域的研究和应用情况，比如水质的氢离子浓度(pH)值、化学需氧量(COD)值、溶解氧和重金属离子污染物等的检测，介绍了基于不同光学原理的光纤水质检测技术在近10 年内的研究现状，同时分别阐述了这些不同原理各自用于水质检测的优缺点。最后对光纤水质检测技术的发展趋势进行了分析和预测，为光纤水质检测传感的进一步发展提供一定技术思路。

Based on the current optical fiber sensing technology, the study and applications of optical fiber sensing technology under different optical principles of water quality monitoring, such as the Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) value, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen and heavy metal ion contaminants, are presented. The research status of the past 10 years as well as the advantages and disadvantages of fiber optical technology for water quality monitoring based on different principles is described. At last, the development trends of fiber optical technology for water quality are analyzed and forecasted, which provides the technical ideas for the further water quality monitoring.