三维(3D)显示技术正越来越吸引着人们的注意。3D 显示中所增加的深度信息可以让人们增强体验感，但也会引发观测者的视觉不舒适和疲劳问题，极大地阻碍了3D 显示技术在人们生活中的普及。由于3D 显示技术引起的视觉不舒适和视觉疲劳关系到人们的健康安全问题，近年来大量学者对此进行了广泛而深入的研究。针对当今最先进的3D 显示器技术引发的视觉不舒适的相关研究做一概括总结，包括3D 显示技术、视觉疲劳的引发因素、对于视觉不舒适的主观测试方式以及仪器的预测方法。这对3D 显示器、3D 电视以及3D 电影制造商具有参考价值。

At present, three-dimensional (3D) display technology is attracting considerable attention. However, the added binocular depth introduced by stereoscopic 3D technology may not only provide viewers with an entirely different and enhanced viewing experience, but also with visual discomfort and visual fatigue. These problems, besides being related to the health and safety of viewers, have recently gained increasing attention because they significantly impede viewing experience. State-of-the-art studies on visual discomfort related to three-dimensional television (3DTV) are introduced. These studies include those on 3D display technology, the main causes of visual discomfort, subjective assessment measurement methods, and objective psychophysical prediction. This work is relevant to the industry as it suggest ways to prevent visual discomfort when producing 3D displays or shooting 3D videos.