针对空间机动目标快速跟踪问题, 建立了考虑J2项摄动和目标在线机动的系统状态模型和天基仅测角观测模型, 通过对比研究采用了一种平方根容积卡尔曼滤波方法进行目标跟踪。针对空间目标共面机动和异面机动等不同机动方式, 研究了SCKF算法在不同机动方式下的跟踪性能。仿真结果表明, 在机动能力相同的情况下, 轨道面内的机动较轨道异面机动更容易使滤波器发散; 通过4种机动方式比较研究, SCKF滤波器对轨道坐标系中横向机动最为敏感, 而沿探测器与目标的视线方向机动最易被再次稳定跟踪。

The tracking of the maneuvering spatial target was studied.A maneuvering spatial target tracking model applying bearing-only measurements was proposed with consideration of the influence of J2 perturbation and the system state model of the maneuvering target.The square-root version of the Cubature Kalman Filter (SCKF) was introduced for target tracking.According to the different maneuvering modes of the target the estimation accuracy of SCKF under different way of maneuvering was analyzed through computer simulation.The simulation result show that when the maneuverability of target is the same, coplanar orbital maneuvering is more easily to make the filter diffuse than non-coplanar orbital maneuvering.Comparison of four maneuvering modes show that SCKF is most sensitive to transverse maneuvering and the maneuvering along the path between detector and target is most likely to be tracked stably again.