使用大口径平行光管检测大型光学设备或元件时, 平行光管的自身误差会影响检测结果, 故本文提出了一种消除光学检测结果中平行光管引入误差的新方法。该方法使用干涉仪获取平行光管和光学检测系统的出射波前信息并以37项Standard Zernike Phase多项式进行拟合; 通过两组系数相减分离平行光管引入误差, 再配合ZEMAX中建立的等效被检光学系统的仿真模型模拟真实系统的出射光锥, 最终获得被检光学系统真实的出射波前信息。利用ZEMAX中的光学系统模型验证了该方法在大口径光学检测工作中的可行性; 使用焦距为1 597 mm, 口径为150 mm的小型平行光管、焦距为50 mm的光学镜头进行了实验。实验结果表明: 使用该方法获得的被检光学系统出射波前与真实波前的P-V值误差小于0.005λ, RMS值误差小于0.001λ, 可以满足实验室中对被检光学系统成像质量参数检测的精度要求。

When a large aperture collimator is used to test large aperture optical devices or components, the error introduced by the collimator will effect the measuring accuracy. This paper proposes a new method to eliminate the error from optical test results. The method uses an interferometer to obtain wavefront information of the collimator and the optical testing system, and adopts 37 Standard Zernike Phase polynomials to fit the wavefront. The error introduced by the collimator is then separated by subtraction of two sets of coefficients and the true wavefront information of tested optical system is obtained by simulating the light cone of a real optical system using the simulation model of tested optical system established in ZEMAX. The feasibility of this method in large aperture optical testing is verified by using the optical system model in ZEMAX, and an experiment is performed by using a small collimator with a focal length of 1 597 mm and an aperture of 150 mm, as well as a camera lens with a focal length of 50 mm. The experiment results show that the calculated wavefront P-V error is less than 0.005λ and the RMS error is less than 0.001λ after eliminating collimator error as compared to the real tested optical system wavefront. It meets the accuracy requirement of testing optical systems for image quality parameters in a laboratory.