借鉴电-磁振子组合型天线结构,设计了一种基于同轴传输结构的小型L波段高功率微波(HPM)辐射场测量系统接收天线,解决了L波段传统波导型测量系统中接收天线体积大、使用不便的问题。通过仿真研究分析了天线结构尺寸与天线增益、驻波和方向图等特性参数之间的关系,优化设计了用于L波段HPM辐射场测量的接收天线结构,并对加工的天线实物进行了测试。结果表明: 当天线口面尺寸与长度相等时,其边长与工作的中心频率对应波长存在着两倍的关系; 选择边长为100 mm可满足在1.2~1.8 GHz频段内,天线驻波系数小于1.5,增益从2.8 dB单调增大至6.1 dB,方向图主瓣宽度大于70°,辐射主轴与天线几何主轴基本一致。

In order to meet the requirement of miniaturization on high power microwave (HPM) measuring system at L-band, an miniaturized HPM measuring antenna with coaxial feeding is designed. On the basics of the structure of TEM horn, the electric-magnetic vibrator structure is used to improve the performance of radiation pattern. The relationship between electric-magnetic vibrator structure and the character of the gain, the radiation pattern and VSWR is investigated by theoretical analysis and numerical calculation. The structure size is 100 mm×100 mm×100 mm. It shows that with the frequency varying from 1.2 to 1.8 GHz, the gain increases from 2.8 to 6.1 dB linearly, and the width of the radiation beam is smooth and larger than 70°. In the meanwhile, the VSWR is less than 1.5.