光谱学与光谱分析, 2015, 35 (3): 613, 网络出版: 2015-05-21  

陶寺、 殷墟白灰面的红外光谱研究

Study on Archaeological Lime Powders from Taosi and Yinxu Sites by FTIR
作者单位
1 安徽大学历史系, 安徽 合肥 230039
2 中国科学院大学科技史与科技考古系, 北京 100049
3 中国社会科学院考古研究所, 北京 100710
4 浙江大学化学系, 浙江 杭州 310027
摘要
采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对天然石灰石、 模拟白灰面以及采自陶寺遗址和殷墟遗址的白灰面进行了分析检测, 以探明陶寺和殷墟遗址白灰面所用原料。 结果显示, 人工烧制石灰碳化后所形成的方解石, 其ν2/ν4比值高达6.31, 明显高于天然石灰石中的方解石, 从而表明人工烧制石灰碳化所形成的方解石较之天然石灰石中的方解石具有较高的晶体无序度; 随着研磨程度的增加, 天然石灰石中的方解石和人工烧制石灰碳化形成的方解石, 其ν2和ν4值逐渐减小, 人工烧制石灰碳化形成方解石的ν2-ν4特征趋势线斜率较高, 从而为考古出土人工烧制石灰的判定提供了一种简便、 有效的方法。 根据此判别方法, 陶寺和殷墟遗址的白灰面很可能是采用人工烧制石灰所制备的, 表明中国古代先民在距今4300多年的新石器时代晚期已掌握了石灰烧制技术。
Abstract
Archaeological lime powders samples from Taosi and Yinxu sites, natural limestone and experimentally prepared lime mortar were investigated by means of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) to identify the raw material of lime powders from Taosi and Yinxu sites. Results show that ν2/ν4 ratio of calcite resulted from carbonation reaction of man-made lime is around 6.31, which is higher than that of calcite in natural limestone and reflects the difference in the disorder of calcite crystal structure among the natural limestone and prepared lime mortar. With additional grinding, the values of ν2 and ν4 in natural limestone and prepared lime mortar decrease. Meanwhile, the trend lines of ν2 versus ν4 for calcite in experimentally prepared lime mortar have a steeper slope when compared to calcite in natural limestone. These imply that ν2/ν4 ratio and the slope of the trend lines of ν2 versus ν4 can be used to determine the archaeological man-made lime. Based on the experiment results, it is possible that the archaeological lime powder from Taosi and Yinxu sites was prepared using man-made lime and the ancient Chinese have mastered the calcining technology of man-made lime in the late Neolithic period about 4 300 years ago.

魏国锋, 张晨, 陈国梁, 何毓灵, 高江涛, 张秉坚. 陶寺、 殷墟白灰面的红外光谱研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2015, 35(3): 613. WEI Guo-feng, ZHANG Chen, CHEN Guo-liang, HE Yu-ling, GAO Jiang-tao, ZHANG Bing-jian. Study on Archaeological Lime Powders from Taosi and Yinxu Sites by FTIR[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2015, 35(3): 613.

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