釉上彩绘瓷器是我国古陶瓷中重要品类之一,具有极高的艺术价值和科学价值.采用拉曼光谱和能量色散X射线荧光分析等无损技术手段,对陶瓷釉彩的元素组成和物相组成综合分析,探讨了人们广为关注的景德镇元、明和清代釉上彩绘瓷若干典型颜料种类的组成配方及其相应的呈色机制.研究发现景德镇古代红绿彩、五彩、粉彩等标本中的深红釉上彩料为赤铁矿着色,黄彩为铅锡黄着色,胭脂红彩则由含量不到0.1%的金所着色,绿料皆为二价铜离子着色.研究结果也进一步说明了Raman和EDXRF这两种无损、微区分析技术的有效结合可以在深化陶瓷类文物的分析研究,尤其是针对图案交错复杂的多种彩绘颜料研究方面起到重要的作用。

Overglaze decoration porcelain is an important category of ancient Chinese ceramics,which has significant artistic value and scientific value.Nondestructive analysis methods such as Raman spectroscopy and EDXRF were used to analyze the overglaze decorations on the Jingdezhen ceramic samples of Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasty.The recipe and color mechanism of the overglaze pigments were discussed according to the chemical composition and phase composition analysis.The study found that dark red overglaze decorations of ancient Honglvcai,Wucai and famille rose in Jingdezhen are colored by hematite,yellow color is lead tin yellow,carmine decoration is colored by gold less than 0.1% in concentration,and green decorations are colored by bivalent copper ion.The result also indicates that the effective combination of Raman spectroscopy and EDXRF can play an important role in the deep research on ceramic artifacts,especially for the overglaze decoration pigments which are interveined each other.