旋转波片法成像斯托克斯偏振仪由可旋转的1/4 波片、固定的检偏器、成像光学器件和光电探测器构成，1/4波片的快轴方位角误差和相位延迟量误差是旋转波片法成像斯托克斯偏振仪的主要误差源，对其进行误差标定和补偿，可有效提高测量精度。为此，通过研究旋转波片测量法和傅里叶分析法，推导出入射光束斯托克斯参量与1/4波片参数误差之间的关系式，从而提出一种误差标定新方法，该方法以水平线偏振光作为标准参考光，对标准参考光进行测量，计算得到1/4波片的参数误差，并将其代入相应理论公式中，从而实现误差补偿。实验结果表明，通过误差标定和补偿，成像斯托克斯偏振仪的平均测量精度由原来的5.12%提高至1.78%，验证了该方法的有效性。

An imaging Stokes polarimeter based on rotating quarter-wave plate method is comprised of a rotating quarter-wave plate, a fixed polarizer, imaging optics and a photodetector. The fast-axis angle error and the retardation error of the quarter-wave plate are the main error sources of the imaging Stokes polarimeter based on rotating quarter-wave plate method. The measurement accuracy can be efficiently improved with the calibration and error compensation. For this purpose, the relations between the Stokes parameters of the incident polarized light and the two parameter errors of the quarter-wave plate are derived by investigating the rotating quarter-wave plate method and Fourier analysis method and therefore, a new calibration method is proposed. Horizontally polarized light is used as a standard reference light and measured to calculate the two parameter errors of the quarter-wave plate and then complete the error compensation by substituting them into the corresponding formula. The experimental results show that the average measurement accuracy is improved from 5.12% to 1.78%, which indicates that the proposed calibration and error compensation method is valid and effective.