为监测全球范围内CO2排放，确定碳源碳汇位置，需高精度探测大气CO2柱浓度。首先介绍遥感卫星探测大气CO2 柱浓度原理，并利用逐线积分辐射传输模型(LBLRTM)，分析探测精度、光谱分辨率、信噪比需求之间的相互关系。然后，基于遥感卫星探测要求，分析光学系统指标。根据指标，选择中阶梯浸没衍射光栅分光元件，确定逆卡塞格林结构前置系统和离轴三反消像散结构分光系统。设计了F 数4、光谱分辨本领21000的大气CO2柱浓度探测成像光谱仪光学系统。设计的光学系统由1个前置系统、1个分光系统和3块焦平面探测器组成，结构紧凑，体积微小，成像质量良好。

For monitoring the emission of CO2 in the global scopes, determining the location of carbon sources and sinks, high precision detection of the column concentration of atmospheric CO2 is needed. First, the principle of remote sensing of the column concentration of atmospheric CO2 is introduced, and the relationship between detection accuracy, spectral resolution and the required signal to noise ratio (SNR) is analyzed by using the lineby-line radiative transfer model (LBLRTM). Then based on satellite remote sensing requirements, the indexes of the optical system are analyzed. According to the indexes, echelle immersion grating is chosen as light splitting element, the inverse Cassegrain telescope and the off-axis three-mirror anastigmat structure beam splitting system is determined. The optical system of atmospheric CO2 column concentration detection imaging spectrometer with F number 4 and spectral resolving power of 21000 is designed. This optical system consists of a single telescope, a set beam splitting system and three pieces of focal plane array which has small size and good image quality.