采用纳秒激光对铜块进行了激光冲击强化，用光学显微镜、三维形貌仪等测量了激光冲击强化后的表面形貌和变形深度，用非接触光学轮廓仪测量了表面粗糙度，重点分析了铝箔胶带作吸收层时凹坑表面微缺陷的来源，对不同粗糙度表面的试样进行了激光冲击强化。实验结果表明，黑漆作吸收层时表面变化特征主要为宏观凹坑和冲击区域出现微凹凸结构；铝箔胶带作吸收层时表面变化特征主要为宏观凹坑和冲击区域出现微缺陷。最后，通过实验研究分析了微缺陷的形成，发现其与铝箔胶带背面黏胶内气泡有关。当原始粗糙度较大时，激光冲击会使整体粗糙度增加，单降低最大高度粗糙度；原始表面光洁度较高时，激光冲击反而会使得整体粗糙度和最大高度粗糙度都有所增加。

The surface morphology and deformation depth of the copper targets treated by nanosecond laser shock peening (LSP) are measured by optical microscope (OM), 3D profile and so on. Non-contact optical profile is used to measure the surface roughness of the metal targets. The source of micro defects is analyzed emphatically when absorption layer is aluminum foil tape. Samples with different surface roughnesses are treated by LSP. Experimental results show that there will form macro dents and micro convex-concave structures on the impacted regions when black paint is used as the absorption layer. When the absorption layer is aluminum foil tape, besides the macro dents, there will form large amounts of micro defects on the impacted region. Through analysis and experimental research, it is confirmed that the formation of micro defects are associated with the air bubbles existed in the glue on the back of aluminum foil tape. LSP can increase the overall roughness but reduce the maximum height of roughness when the original roughness is high. When the surface smoothness is high, LSP can increase the overall roughness and the maximum height of roughness.