由于人眼像差的多样性和不确定性，自适应光学在活体人眼视网膜高分辨率成像临床应用中受到了限制。对患有青光眼或糖尿病的中国人眼像差数据进行统计分析，并在此基础上分析了人眼像差对成像质量的影响及对波前校正器的性能需求。分析结果表明青光眼和糖尿病患者的人眼高阶像差分别是正常人眼高阶像差的2.9和1.8倍，为了获得接近衍射极限分辨率的视网膜图像，对这两类病眼的像差校正均应该高于8阶泽尼克多项式，并且波前校正器的行程需要分别达到39 μm和14 μm以上。分析结果对基于自适应光学的临床眼科仪器开发有一定的指导意义。

The diversity and uncertainty of ocular aberrations in abnormal eyes limit the usefulness of adaptive optics in clinical application. Aberrations are characterized in two populations of Chinese abnormal eyes, namely those with glaucoma and those with diabetes retinopathy. Furthermore, the impact of aberrations on retinal image quality and the requirements of wavefront correctors for aberration compensation are analyzed. The results show that higher-order aberrations of glaucoma eyes and diabetes retinopathy eyes are larger than what is typical in normal eyes, approximately 2.9 and 1.8 times respectively. To reach diffraction-limited imaging, correction of Zernike polynomials more than the 8th order is necessary for both glaucoma eyes and diabetes retinopathy eyes and the required corrector Strokes are over 39 μm and 14 μm, respectively. The results presented will help guide the development of wavefront correctors for clinical instrumentation.