为实现中波红外整层大气透过率的现场测量, 提高空间目标红外辐射特性测量精度, 研究了基于标准红外自然星的大气透过率测量方法。建立了基于Beer定律和Langley-Plot定标原理的测量实验数学模型, 搭建了基于1.2 m口径地基光电望远镜的测量实验系统。采用了“准实时单点校正”“窗口提取”和“信噪比特性曲线”等方法有效降低了红外探测器非均匀性和自然星弥散成像等问题给测量精度带来的影响。最后, 分析了测量实验的理论误差。实验数据显示: 空间目标大气层外红外辐射照度测量的最大实际误差为16.28%, 中波红外整层大气透过率测量的理论误差为1175%。结果表明: 基于标准红外自然星的大气透过率测量方法测量误差小, 实验系统对外场观测任务适应性强, 为空间目标红外辐射特性的地基测量提供了新的解决方案。

To measure the mid-infrared total atmospheric transmittance in a field and to improve the measuring accuracy of infrared radiation of spatial objects, a measuring method based on standard infrared stars was discussed. A mathematical model based on Beers law and Langley-Plot calibration principle was established, and an experimental system based on the ground-based optic-electric telescope with an aperture of 1.2 m was set up. Then, “Quasi-real-time One-point Correction Method”, “Window-extracted Method” and “SNR Characteristic Curve” were employed to reduce the effects of the non-uniformity of detectors and the diffusion imaging of stars on the measuring accuracy. Finally, the error of the measurement in the experiments was analyzed.Experiments and analysis show that the maximum measuring error of the infrared radiation illumination of spatial objects is 16.28%, and the theoretical measuring error of mid-infrared total atmospheric transmittance is 11.75%.The results indicate that the measuring method proposed in this pape has a smaller measuring error, the experimental system is adapt to observation missions in the field and it provides a new solution for measuring the infrared radiation of spatial objects.