针对传统干涉条纹自动测量方法稳定性差、误差大的缺点,提出了一种摄像法测量迈克尔逊干涉条纹的方法。该方法以摄像头采集图像,选取高速处理器进行图像处理,根据干涉条纹中心区域暗条纹的面积大小呈周期性变化的规律,通过对干涉条纹图像数据分量提取、阈值比较、区域选择、比例计算、方向判断和过程判断等分步分析,识别条纹并计数。实验结果表明,该方法在He-Ne激光波长测量实验中对条纹移动方向识别准确,且通过连续变化100个干涉条纹所测得的波长误差最大为1/‰。

For the shortcomings of poor stability and large error in the traditional automatic measurement method, a method of making use of camera measuring interference fringes is presented in this paper. The method uses a camera to capture image and high-speed MCU to process image. According to the cyclical change law of dark fringe area in the central region of the interference fringes, the fringes are identified and counted by component extraction, threshold comparison, area selection, ratio calculation, direction judgment and process judgment of interference fringes image data. Experimental results show that the method can automatically identify the moving direction of the fringes exactly and through continuously changing 100 fringes the maximum error of measured wave length is 1/‰ in the He-Ne laser wavelength measurement experiment.