利用差频干涉原理设计了基于迈克尔逊干涉仪的激光雷达测距系统,该系统配合轴角编码器,可实现三维形貌测量.介绍了激光雷达发射系统和接收系统的设计,发射系统根据高斯光束准直理论,确定光学系统的相关参数,设计了可用于2 m~18 m范围内的激光测距系统,同时利用Zemax的宏语言编程,绘制出变倍曲线.接收系统根据激光雷达测距方程,确定目标的相关参数,以获取最大的回波能量,并通过光学系统将回波光束耦合进光纤.该系统实现了发射、接收共光路,可用于轨道客车的子弹头面型的非接触测量及其他复杂的三维面型,具有测量速度快、精度高的特点,有着很广阔的发展前景.

A laser radar ranging system based on the Michelson interferometer was designed using the difference-frequency interference principle.The system can realize three-dimensional shape measurement with the shaft encoder.The design of the laser radar launching system and receiving system was introduced .For the launching system,according to the Gaussian collimating theory,the relevant parameters of the optical system were determined,and a laser ranging system used for 2m~18m range was designed.At the same time,the zoom curve was drawn by using Zemax macro programming.For the receiving system,the relevant parameters of target were determined based on the laser radar ranging equation to get the maximum energy of the echo,and the echo beam was coupled into the fiber through the optical system.This system realizes the launch and receive common-path.It can be used for non-contact measurement of bullet head face of railway vehicles and other complex three-dimensional faces.It has the features of high speed,high accuracy,and has very broad prospects for development.