超辐射发光二极管(SLD)光源启动过程中偏振度的不稳定变化影响光纤陀螺性能，严重地制约了光纤陀螺快启动的研究进展。理论分析了TE 模和TM 模的偏振特性及其影响因素，得出了SLD 偏振度随驱动电流增加而增大、随温度升高而降低等结论，设计了高速采集方案对SLD 启动时偏振度、驱动电流、管芯温度的变化规律进行测试，测试得到驱动电流的上升时间约0.3 s，温度稳定时间为3 s，稳定时的偏振度约为4.3%，并分析了SLD 启动时偏振特性对光纤陀螺偏振误差的影响。

The instability of polarization degree influences the performance of fiber optic gyro in SLD start- up process, which severely restricted the research on quick start of fiber optic gyro. It is analyzed that the polarization characteristics of TE mode, TM mode and influencing factors theoretically, it is concluded that the degree of polarization increases with the increase of drive current and reduces with increase of temperature, a high-speed data acquisition scheme is designed to test the changes of polarization degree, drive current and temperature of chip in SLD start-up process, it has been obtained that the rise time of drive current is about 0.3 s, the stability time of temperature is about 3 s and the polarization degree of SLD is about 4.3%, and the effect of polarization characteristics on polarization error of fiber optic gyro has been analysed when SLD starts up.