复杂地物背景下红外弱小目标的跟踪在红外监视系统中有重要的应用价值。提出了一种基于人眼视觉系统原理和多目标跟踪技术的弱小目标跟踪算法，实现了对复杂地物背景下红外弱小目标的跟踪。算法首先在图像中提取候选目标和各目标对应的目标区域，估计相邻帧图像之间的运动参数，对所有跟踪目标进行轨迹预测；然后融合多信息对当前帧目标与目标链中目标进行关联，根据关联结果对目标链进行更新；最后输出跟踪目标的位置坐标，实现对红外弱小目标的跟踪。用实测的图像序列对算法进行了测试，试验结果表明本文算法对树林、农田、建筑等复杂地物背景中弱小目标有较好的跟踪效果，可以用于红外监视系统中对复杂地物背景下低对比度弱小目标自动跟踪。

Tracking of small infrared target in complex background is useful in infrared monitoring system. A small target tracking algorithm based on human visual system and multi-target tracking technology is proposed, which can be used in tracking of small infrared target in complex background. Firstly, candidate targets and their features are extracted, and scene motion parameters of consecutive frame are estimated, and trajectories of tracking targets are predicted. Secondly, candidate targets of current frame are associated with the target chain, and the target chain is updated. Thirdly, the location of tracking target is got by its index from the target chain, and tracking result is outputted. The algorithm was tested using real infrared image sequences, and experiment result indicated that the algorithm has good tracking performance of dim target in complex background. This algorithm can be used in infrared monitoring systems to track small and low contrast targets.