超材料是一种人工设计的具有周期单元阵列结构的电磁材料，具有超常物理特性。基于超材料的太赫兹吸波材料在太赫兹技术领域有许多潜在的应用。简述了超材料吸波材料的理论基础，综述了国内外在单频、双频、多频带和宽带太赫兹超材料吸波材料领域的研究进展，并展望了太赫兹吸波材料研究的未来发展方向和趋势。

As an artificially-engineered electromagnetic material with the structure of periodic unit cell array, metamaterial has shown abnormal physical properties. Metamaterial-based terahertz absorbers have numerous potential applications in terahertz fields. In this review, the brief introduction of theoretical basis of metamaterial perfect absorbers is presented. The developments of the single-band, dual-band, multi-band and broadband metamaterial absorbers operating in terahertz range are reviewed. Perspectives and future work for terahertz metamaterial absorbers are also presented.