为提高惯性约束聚变（ICF）点火靶尺度（约2 mm）聚苯乙烯（PS）空心微球的球形度,研究了油相与外水相界面张力、初始油相质量分数和固化旋转流场转速对PS微球球形度的影响。结果表明,将双重乳液体系外水相中的表面活性剂聚乙烯醇（PVA）替换为聚丙烯酸（PAA）后,油相与外水相之间的界面张力增大了约10倍,PS空心微球的球形度显著提高,球形偏离度小于1 μm的微球比例由5%增加至约50%；但是,在较宽范围内改变油相初始质量分数及旋转固化流场转速,对PS微球球形度的影响并不显著,球形偏离度值小于1 μm的PS微球比例介于40%~60%之间。

To improve the sphericity of large-diameter (about 2 mm) polystyrene (PS) capsules for inertial confinement fusion targets, the effects of the interfacial tension between oil phase and outer water phase, the concentration of oil phase, and the speed of rotation flow field on the sphericity of PS capsules were investigated. The results show that, compared with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), addition of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) in the outer water phase leads about 10 times increase of interfacial tension between the oil phase and the outer water phase, resulting in a significant improvement of the sphericity of PS capsules. With the replacement of PVA with PAA, the batch yields of PS capsules with out-of-round (OOR) less than 1 μm increased from about 5% to above 50%. However, changing the initial concentrations of the oil phase and the speeds of rotation flow field in a wide range did not affect the sphericity of PS capsules remarkably. Under typical operation conditions, the batch yields of the resulting PS capsules with OOR less than 1 μm ranges from 40% to 60%.