强激光与粒子束, 2015, 27 (11): 114003, 网络出版: 2015-11-30  

双麦克斯韦分布等离子体对航天器表面的充电效应

Spacecraft surface charging effect of plasma in bi-Maxwellian distribution
作者单位
西北核技术研究所,强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验,西安 710024
摘要
空间等离子体在有些情形下,并非单麦克斯韦分布,而是双麦克斯韦分布。为了研究双麦克斯韦分布等离子体对航天器表面的充电效应,基于等离子体动理学理论,建立表面充电平衡方程,综合考虑双麦克斯韦分布等离子体的粒子参数、航天器的单位电容、二次电子发射及光照等因素,得出了双麦克斯韦分布等离子体对航天器表面充电电位的计算表达式,给出了表面充电电位随时间的变化规律。研究结果表明:当等离子体为双麦克斯韦分布时,航天器表面充电电位低于单麦克斯韦分布等离子体环境下的表面充电电位,单麦克斯韦分布的等离子体假设会过高估计航天器表面的充电效应;双麦克斯韦分布的第二分布函数中,对最终的表面充电平衡电位影响较大的主要是离子成分;双麦克斯韦分布等离子体的粒子数密度或温度越高,则表面充电达到平衡所需的时间越长;单位电容仅影响表面充电电位达到稳定所需的时间,对最终的充电平衡电位值影响不大。
Abstract
In some cases,a description in terms of bi-Maxwellian distributions is a better mathematical description of space plasma than that in terms of single Maxwellian distributions. To investigate the spacecraft surface charging effect of plasma in bi-Maxwellian distribution, this paper established equilibrium equations of spacecraft surface charging based on kinetic theory of plasma. Considering the plasma particle parameters of bi-Maxwellian distribution,the unit capacitor of spacecraft, the secondary electron emission and photoemission, the expression of spacecraft surface charging potential of plasma in bi-Maxwellian distribution was carried out, and the time evolutions of surface charging potential was got. The research results show that the surface charging potential of plasma in bi-Maxwellian distribution is lower than the surface charging potential of plasma in single Maxwellian distribution, and the assumption of plasma in single Maxwellian distribution will lead an overestimation of surface charging. In the second distribution function of bi-Maxwellian distribution, ion is the main factor which affects the final equilibrium charging potential. The higher the density or the higher the temperature of plasma in bi-Maxwellian distribution,the longer the time which is required for charging potential attaining equilibrium.The unit capacitor only affects the time required for charging potential achieving equilibrium,and it has no influence on the final equilibrium potential.

左应红, 王建国, 罗旭东, 韦源. 双麦克斯韦分布等离子体对航天器表面的充电效应[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2015, 27(11): 114003. 左应红, 王建国, 罗旭东, 韦源. Spacecraft surface charging effect of plasma in bi-Maxwellian distribution[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2015, 27(11): 114003.

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