微生物驱动下, 纤维素分解及转化在腐殖质形成中具有重要作用。 采用红外光谱辅以元素分析的技术手段对单一真菌(木霉、 青霉和黑曲霉)及复合菌液体摇瓶培养70 d后菌体残留物的类腐殖质(类胡敏酸HLA和类胡敏素)结构进行了分析对比。 结果表明: (1)两技术手段的结合有助于菌体残留物HLA分子结构的阐明, 然而在表征残留物类Hu结构方面, 尚需进一步探讨; (2)木霉有利于其所形成菌体残留物HLA分子的缩聚作用, 而青霉则更有利于该组分的降解; (3)青霉和复合菌对残留物HLA分子表现为氧化降解作用; (4)复合菌和黑曲霉均有助于培养液无机氮化合物向残留物HLA和类Hu组分中有机氮成分的转移, 促使其氨基C含量增加, 为腐殖化进程提供氮源。

Drived by the soil microorganisms, the decomposition and transformation of cellulose plays an important role in the formation of humic substances. The techniques of infrared spectrum combining with element analysis were adopted to compare the structural differences of humic-like substances (HLA, humic-like acid; Hu, humin) extracted from the microbial residues formed in the liquid shake-flask culture (70 days), in which the single fungi (Trichoderma viride, Penicillium and Aspergillus niger) and mixed strains participated. The results showed that: (1) The combination of two techniques could clarify the molecular structure of HLA extracted from the microbial residues, however, it remained to be further discussed in terms of analyzing the structures of Hu; (2) Trichoderma viride was beneficial to the condensation of HLA extracted from its microbial residue, but Penicillium was more favorable to the degradation of HLA. (3) The oxidative degradation of HLA fractions extracted the microbial residues was implemented by Penicillium and mixed strains. Both of the mixed strains and Aspergillus niger were helpful to transfer the inorganic N compounds from the culture media into the organic N components of HLA and Hu extracted from the microbial residues, simultaneously increase their amino C contents and then provide the indispensable N source for the humification process.