针对微生物检测中存在的耗时多、结构复杂、探测精度低等问题, 提出了一种快速、简单、检测下限低的微生物检测方法。通过结合荧光标记物标记、微孔滤膜过滤、激光扫描及荧光成像技术, 设计了痕量微生物快速扫描检测系统, 使用大视场、大景深、长焦距扫描物镜, 结合二维扫描振镜, 完成了对痕量微生物样本的快速检测。描述了检测系统的基本原理及光路系统的设计与优化, 对采集信号进行了分析, 并对检测系统的检测性能进行了论证及测试。实验结果表明, 该检测系统可以在10 min内完成对10~2.5×103 cfu/mL的微生物的准确检测, 检测下限为10 cfu/mL, 可以满足医用高纯水、饮料用水、微电子加工高纯水等领域的水体快速检测需求。

For the higher time consumption, complex constructs and lower detecting accuracy of microbia detection, this research presents a fast, simple microbial detection system with a low detection limit. Combining fluorescence marker, filter membrane, laser scanning and fluorescence imaging technologies, a rapid scanning system for the trace microbia detection was designed. On the basis of the scanning lens with a large field of view, a large depth of field, and a longer focal length, the fast detection for a microbial sample was implemented by combined with a 2D scanning galvanometer. Basic principles of the detection system were described and the optical system was designed and optimized. The collected signals were analyzed, and the performance of the detection system was demonstrated and tested. Experimental results show the detection system accurately detects microbial samples ranged from 10 cfu/mL to 2.5×103 cfu/mL in 10 min, and the detection limit is 10 cfu/mL. The system meets the demands of real-time detection of medical high-purity water and other sensitive detection situations.