：基于端面泵浦碱金属蒸汽激光器的速率方程模型，研究了碱金属蒸汽激光器在不同缓冲气体环境中的工作特性。通过优化输出镜反射率、气体压强等参量，获得了激光器在不同缓冲气体中的输出功率随温度的变化曲线。结果表明：有烃DPAL中，最佳输出功率和运行温度随能级混合速率的增大而分别增大和减小，而且激光器在不同烃类气体下的最佳工作状态可用准二能级工作曲线描述；无烃DPAL中，氦气同位素3He可以大幅减小激光器的氦气压强，而且能够提高Rb-DPAL的输出功率，但是K-DPAL在3He中的输出功率略低。模拟结果与已报道的实验现象有较好的符合，可为实验研究提供理论指导。

Based on the rate equation model of end pumped alkali vapor laser, the characteristics of alkali vapor laser in different buffer gas environments were studied. The temperature vs output power of alkali vapor laser in different gas environments were obtained by optimizing the parameters of output coupler reflectivity and gas pressure. Results show that the optimal output power and operating temperature are improved and decreased with the increase of mixing rate in hydrocarbon DPAL respectively. And the optimal operation states of hydrocarbon DPAL can be described by its quasi two level operation curve. Moreover, the helium pressure in hydrocarbon free DPAL can be reduced largely by using 3He gas. Besides by using 3He gas, the output power can be improved for hydrocarbon free Rb-DPAL but not for hydrocarbon free K-DPAL. The simulated results have a good matching with reported experimental results, which will supply significant reference for further experimental research.