稀土元素的特征谱带基本不随赋存状态的不同而变化, 不能用于矿物种类的探测, 却能够证实其自身的存在。 通过研究稀土元素及其化合物在遥感可见光-近红外波段的光谱特征, 分析了稀土元素含量与特征谱带吸收指数的定量关系。 以内蒙古白云鄂博稀土富集地区为例进行试验, 通过采集矿区典型岩矿标本的光谱、 测试分析样品中Nd含量, 表明Nd含量与各特征谱带的吸收深度、 吸收指数均存在明显的正相关线性关系, 相关性均在0.778以上。 其中, 726～772 nm谱带的吸收指数与Nd含量相关性最好, 达到0.937。 在此基础上, 结合HJ-1A-HSI高光谱遥感数据的波段设置, 构建了定量反演Nd含量的最优模型, 并以此反演了区域Nd元素遥感地球化学异常信息。 结果表明: 与1∶20万水系沉积物地球化学异常对比, 二者总体相关性良好。 为快速获取区域稀土元素地球化学异常提供了新的手段。

The characteristic spectral bands of REE do not vary with the occurrence state, cannot be used to identify mineral species, but can prove the existence of its own. Here we report the spectrum characteristics of REE and their compounds by remote sensing wave bandfrom visible light-near infrared, with the quantitative relationship between the contents of REE and absorption index of characteristic spectral bands. The experimental study was carried out in Bayan Obo area, Inner Mongolia. Spectrums and Nd contents of typical rock and ore samples were gathered and analyzed. There is positive correlation between the Nd content, the absorption depth and absorption index of different spectrum characteristics (correlation coefficient >0.778). Moreover, the correlation between absorption index of 726~772 nm band and Nd content is the best, at 0.937. As mentioned above, the quantitative model and the inversion information remote sensing geochemical anomaly of Nd were built by the band of HJ-1A-HIS hyperspectral remote sensing data. Our results consistent with 1∶200 000 stream sediment geochemical anomalies of Nd. The model provides a new means for rapid extract regional geochemical anomalies of REE.