基于物像频谱理论测量光学系统调制传递函数是目前能够快速检测近眼系统的方法之一，但由于在快速检测中各种参量会对检测结果产生明显影响，因而消除和补偿差量成为该方法能否成功应用的主要因素。本文重点分析了检测过程中误差来源，讨论了各种误差的影响大小及辨别清晰度的方法。针对对比传递函数测量的主要误差进行分析，结果表明：倾斜角度在±0.5°范围内，误差小于3%；并且亮度在0.6I~I (其中I 为CCD 在线性工作区内的最大亮度)，物距在±5 mm 范围内变化时，误差均小于1.5%。通过对实验数据的误差分析，既验证了实验方案的可行性，又对测量精度的提高有指导意义。

To measure the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) based on the theory of frequency spectrum is one of methods to rapidly evaluate the image quality of near-to-eye display system. However, some parameters during the rapid measurement have an obvious impact on the experiment results. So eliminating and offsetting the dispersion are the mostly factors when the method can be applied to measurement successfully or not. Reasons that may cause the error during measurement are analyzed specifically, and then influence degree of errors and method of discriminating clarity are discussed. Analysis of the main errors affecting the measurement of Contrast Transfer Function (CTF) shows that error value is below 3% when the tilt angle is within ±0.5°, brightness of light changes in the range of 0.6I~I, (I is the maximum value when the CCD works in the linear region) and object length changes within 5 mm, and the errors are all less than 1.5%. The experiment results verify the feasibility and practicability of the method and have the instructive significance on improving measure precision.