提出了一种椭圆型高双折射光子晶体光纤，并采用多极法分析各结构参量对模式基模模场、双折射、损耗特性的影响.结果表明：改变椭圆型空气孔的椭圆率和包层椭圆率的大小,在波长1 550 nm处, 该光纤可获得2.26×10－3的双折射，限制损耗为2.8×10－3dB/km，且此时x偏振方向和y偏振方向相差数十倍，有利于光信号偏振传输，可用于制造偏振单模传输的保偏光纤；在1 300~1 500 nm的波长范围内，该光纤有稳定的大小为10－6的低损耗.

A highly birefringent photonic crystal fiber was proposed based on lattice structure of elliptic layer. Properties such as birefringence, confinement loss, and mode area of the proposed photonic crystal fiber were simulated by the multipole method. Result shows that the birefringence of the propose photonic crystal fiber can be up to 2.26×10－3 at the wavelength at 1 550 nm,and the confinement loss is 2.8×10－3 dB/km. At the same time, the y polarization is double times of the x polarization, which can be used in manufacturing polarized polarization maintaining fiber. And the confinement loss keeps stable at the wavelength range of 1 300~1 500 nm.