螳螂虾是目前发现的拥有世界上最复杂眼睛的动物，其视觉系统有16种不同的光感受器类型，能够探测并分析可见光、紫外光、线偏振光以及圆偏振光。螳螂虾的视觉系统为设计出更好的成像器件提供了范例，目前，仿生螳螂虾视觉成像技术处于起步阶段，具有广阔的应用前景。本文对国内外螳螂虾视觉的特点及其仿生成像技术的研究进展进行了全面系统的综述，分析了螳螂虾视觉的成像优势，指出了仿螳螂虾视觉成像技术的应用前景。

The mantis shrimp has the most complex eyes in the animal kingdom, its visual system has 16 types of different photoreceptors and the ability to detect and analyze the visible light, ultraviolet light, linear polarized and circular polarized light. The mantis shrimp’s visual system provides a model to design better imaging device. At present, bionic mantis shrimp visual imaging technology is at the initial stage and has broad applied prospects. This paper reviews the research progress of mantis shrimp’s visual characteristics and bionic techniques both in China and abroad, analyzing the mantis shrimp’s visual imaging advantages and pointing out the prospects of bionic mantis shrimp’s visual imaging technology.