边坡体三维建模与可视化表达是露天矿边坡稳定性评价的前提。以发生过小面积滑坡的露天矿边坡为研究对象, 利于机动灵活的低空无人机搭载消费型数码相机获取了边坡序列影像, 依据计算机视觉原理生成了边坡体稠密三维点云, 实现了边坡体三维数字模型制作。结果表明: 该技术可快速构建露天矿边坡精细地形, 有效降低了作业成本和劳动强度。此外, 该方法克服了传统单点测量方式以点带面的局限性, 生产的三维模型可全面表达边坡整体形体和局部细节特征, 为正确评价边坡稳定性提供了科学依据, 尤其适合存在潜在隐患的露天矿边坡动态变形监测。

3D modeling and visualization of the slope body is an essential prerequisite for objective evaluation of open-pit slop stability. Taking an open-pit slope where a small scale landslide happened as the study object, open-pit slope sequence images were first obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) with a consumer-grade camera. And then, dense 3D point clouds were generated based on computer vision technology. Finally, high-resolution 3D digital models of open-pit slope were made. The experiment shows that the presented method can quickly construct an open-pit slope fine terrain, effectively reduce the operation cost and labor intensity. Moreover, due to this technology breaks the limitation of traditional method of single point measurement, reconstructed model can accurately expressed the global and local characteristics of open-pit slope, which can provide powerful support for the correct analysis and evaluation of slope stability, especially suitable for dynamic deformation monitoring of the potential risk open-pit slope.