联系传感器应用的作用机理，根据变形传递方式的不同，对工程中常用的光纤传感器进行了系统的归类分析。基于应变传递理论建立了应变传递系数与测量允许误差的关系，并以此为优化控制方程得到了满足工程测试精度要求的传感器最佳取值，给出了各类传感器具体的优化设计方法及优先设计指标。研究结果表明: 基于应变传递理论的优化设计方法较适用于依靠界面剪应力传递变形的光纤传感器，其优先设计指标依次为粘贴(感知)长度、层间粘结强度、保护层弹性模量和半径、粘贴层厚度; 端部扩径型传感器的优化设计则因其应变传递系数能较准确和便利地通过标定试验获取而不依赖应变传递理论，且无明显的优先设计指标。本文充分考虑了传感器工程应用的实际状态，以测试准确性为核心，从力学作用机理角度对传感器进行了较全面和系统的分析，其研究结果可以用于指导工程化光纤传感器的应用设计和标定测试。

In view of action mechanism of sensor applications, the fiber optic sensors commonly used in engineering were classified depending on the modes of transfer deformation.The relationship between strain transfer coefficient and measurement tolerance was established based on the strain transfer theory. Thereby, the optimal values of the sensor to meet accuracy requirements of engineering tests can be obtained for the optimization of control equations, and more specific optimization design methods and priority design specifications of various types of sensors were given. The research indicates that: optimal design method based on strain transfer theory is more applicable to the fiber optic sensors whose transfer deformation relies on interfacial shear stress, and its priority design specifications are sequentially as follows: bonded (sensing) length, interlayer adhesion strength, elastic modulus and radius of protective layer, adhesive layer thickness; optimization design of end-diameter expanding sensor is not dependent on the strain transfer theory because the strain transfer coefficient can be accurately and conveniently obtained through calibration tests without obvious priority design specifications. With full consideration given to the actual status of sensor application in engineering, by taking the test accuracy as the core, this article conducts a more comprehensive and systematic analysis on optical fiber sensor from the perspective of mechanical action mechanism was conducted.This research proves able to more scientifically guide the application design and calibration test of optical fiber sensors in engineering.