为了研究近地面大气湍流对自由空间量子通信的影响, 基于近地面大气湍流的Tunick模型, 得到湍流气象参数与量子信道纠缠度之间的关系, 针对量子退极化信道和幅值阻尼信道, 建立湍流气象参数与信道容量之间的方程, 分析湍流对量子信道利用率的影响, 并进行性能仿真.结果表明:当压强为100 kPa,风速为2 m/s, 温度为25℃, 相对湿度分别为0.2和0.6时, 量子信道的纠缠度分别为0.27和0.18, 退极化信道容量分别为0.951 6和0.946 5, 幅值阻尼信道容量分别为0.439 0和0.422 7, 量子信道利用率分别为0.42和0.37.量子通信信道的各种参数与近地面大气湍流的气象参数有紧密联系,根据近地面大气湍流的气象参数, 自适应调整量子通信系统的各项参数, 可以提高量子通信的可靠性.

In order to analyze the performance of free space quantum communication influenced by the atmospheric turbulence which is close to the ground , the relationship between the turbulence meteorological parameters and the entanglement of quantum channel was obtained according to the Tunick model of the atmospheric turbulence. For the quantum depolarization channel and amplitude damping channel, the equation between meteorological parameters and the channel capacity was established. The effect of turbulence on the quantum channel utilization was analyzed, and the performance simulation was carried out .The simulation results show that, when the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, the wind speed is 2 m/s, the temperature is 25℃ and relative humidity are 0.2 and 0.6 respectively, the degree of entanglement for the quantum channel are 0.27 and 0.18, the capacity of depolarizing channel are 0.951 6 and 0.946 5, the capacity of amplitude damping channel are 0.439 0 and 0.422 7, the utilization of quantum channel are 0.42 and 0.37, respectively. The various parameters of quantum communication channel and the meteorological parameters of the atmospheric turbulence close to the ground are closely linked. The reliability of quantum communication can be improved when the parameters of quantum communication system can be adjusted adaptively based on the meteorological parameters of the atmospheric turbulence closed to the ground.