为了揭示超高速撞击2A12铝中铝原子的光谱辐射特征, 利用建立的二级轻气炮加载系统和光谱仪采集系统, 采集3种不同实验条件下的光谱辐射强度并结合量子力学对2A12铝靶中铝原子的能级理论进行了描述。在Al原子球形壳层中发现, 电子的相对几率4πr2R2随相对原子中心的距离r变化的图形具有波动性的特点, 电子在能级及其附近运动; 原子核周围的电子在能级轨道出现的几率最大, 电子在能级轨道周围出现的几率较小; Al的原子光谱都出现一定的展宽, 验证了电子的能级跃迁释放或吸收能量的几率亦随原子中电子的位置波动变化。实验结果还表明:随着碰撞速度的增大, 在Al原子光谱中波长较小谱线的辐射强度增加较快, 波长较长谱线的辐射强度增加缓慢。

In order to reveal the spectral radiant characteristics of the aluminum atoms during hypervelocity impact on 2A12 aluminum target, a two-stage light gas gun loading system and a spectrometer acquisition system were used to collect spectral radiant intensity of three different experimental conditions. The level of Al atom in 2A12 aluminum target was theoretically described combining with quantum mechanics. The results show that the graphical of change between the relative probability 4πr2R2 of discovery electronics and distance r from the center of the atom is fluctuant electronics motion in level and its vicinity in the spherical shell of Al atoms. The probability of the electron in the nucleus is most likely to occur at the level of the energy level, and the probability of the electron around the energy level is small. The atomic spectra of Al are broadened. The probability of the electrons energy level transition or the absorption of energy is also changed with the change of the position of the electrons in the atom. With the increase of the impact velocity, the radiation intensity of spectral lines of the shorter wavelengths increases faster, and the radiation intensity of spectral lines of the longer wavelengths increases slowly.