针对新疆奇台110 m射电望远镜主动反射面控制技术的要求, 设计和研制了一种新型的位移促动器和位移控制系统, 并采用双频激光干涉仪对多个位移促动器及其控制系统进行了全面检测。位移促动器采用了基于涡轮蜗杆加滚珠丝杆的高精度结构设计方案, 控制器系统采用了ARM微处理器。最后选择S曲线加速控制方法, 设计了主动反射面控制系统硬件平台和软件算法。基于双频激光干涉仪和光学隔振平台在恒温超洁净条件下进行了系列测试。结果表明: 系统实现了行程范围为30 mm, 控制精度为5 μm RMS的快速精密控制; 在额定负载300 kg, 步长2 mm, 行程30 mm范围内, 实测结果平均值与理论值偏差为0.04%, 标准偏差为3.67 μm。最后, 采用测量精度为0.25 μm的激光传感器对4块四点支撑的四边形子面板进行了验证检测。结果显示: 经多次迭代后主动反射面控制闭环系统的控制精度小于5 μm RMS, 远远优于3 mm波段射电望远镜主动反射面控制的技术要求。

According to the control requirements of the active reflector surface in the 110 m radio telescope at QiTai(QTT) Xinjiang, a new displacement actuator and a new displacement control system were designed and manufactured and then their characteristics were tested by a dual-frequency laser interferometer in the micro-displacement laboratory. The displacement actuator was designed by a scheme of high precision worm and roller screw structures, and the displacement control system was based on a ARM micro-processor. Finally, the S curve acceleration control methods were used to design the hardware platform and software algorithm for the active reflection surface of the control system. The test experiments were performed based on the laser metrology system on an active reflector close-loop antenna prototype for large radio telescope. Experimental results indicate that it achieves a 30 mm working stroke and 5 μm RMS motion resolution. The accuracy (standard deviation) is 3.67 μm, and the error between the determined and theoretical values is 0.04% when the rated load is 300 kg, the step is 2 mm and the stroke is 30mm. Furthermore, the active reflector integrated system was tested by the laser sensors with the accuracy of 0.25 μm RMS on 4-panel radio telescope prototype, the measurement results show that the integrated precision of the active reflector closed-loop control system is less than 5 μm RMS, and well satisfies the technical requirements of active reflector control system of the QTT radio telescope in 3 mm wavelength.