以东北农田区土壤的偏振高光谱反射率为研究对象，从探测天顶角、探测方位角和偏振状态等方面分析研究了土壤的反射光谱特征及其与土壤肥力的关系。结果表明，多角度测量会影响土壤的反射光谱特征，影响主要体现在偏振反射比值上。180°方位角和90°偏振测量时土壤接收的能量多，土壤的偏振反射比大。土壤的肥力与土壤的偏振反射比具有明显的相关性。土壤的肥力综合指数越大，土壤的偏振反射比越低。本实验在保证农田土壤最优的遥感观测状态下，对土壤肥力的质量做了初步判断。这为土壤的多角度偏振高光谱的深入研究提供了一定的理论与实践基础，并能为农作物平衡施肥、精准农业和土壤定量遥感的相关研究提供参考。

Taking the polarized hyperspectral reflectance of the farmland soil in northeast China as the object to be studied, the reflective spectral characteristics of soil and their relations with soil fertility are analyzed in terms of zenith angle, incident angle, polarization and so on. The results show that multi-angle measurement may affect the reflective spectral characteristics of soil. This is mainly reflected in the polarized reflection ratio. When the measurement is carried out at the azimuth angle of 180 and the polarizing angle of 90, the soil would receive more energy so that its polarized reflectance is higher. The soil fertility is obviously correlated with the polarized reflectance of soil. The greater the composite index of soil fertility is, the lower the polarization reflectance of soil is. Under the best remote sensing observation condition of farmland soil, the quality of soil fertility is judged preliminary. This provides a certain theoretical and practical basis for the further study of multi-angle polarized hyperspectra of soil and can provide a reference for the related study of balanced fertilization of crops, precision farming and quantitative remote sensing of soil.