本文对读出原理、像差要求、图谱质量进行深入研究，进而对读出技术进行深度整合与简化，实现光读出FPA红外成像系统小型化、轻量化、集成化。首先，从FPA的热-机械效应出发，介绍了光读出FPA红外成像系统的工作原理; 然后，针对通常采用的光读出FPA红外成像系统体积大、重量大、结构复杂缺陷，提出了高集成度的新型光读出系统; 接着，在分析讨论读出光路像差容限、特点的基础上，对以异形棱镜为核心元件的光读出系统进行了具体的光学仿真设计; 最后，设计了集光、机、电、软技术的集成式光读出FPA红外成像系统。对系统样机测试结果表明: 在确保成像性能的前提下，光读出FPA红外成像系统的体积减小到175 mm×83 mm×105 mm。以异形棱镜为核心元件的光读出技术，在满足成像精度和灵敏度的前提下，可减小读出系统的复杂程度，有效降低了光读出FPA红外成像系统的体积和重量，从而促进光读出FPA成像系统的工业化应用。

After thorough studies on the sensing principle, the tolerance for aberration and the spectrum quality, a simplified and integrated optical readout technology has been put forward and developed, to realize the miniaturization, integration and lightweight of the optical readout focal plane array(FPA) infrared imaging system. First, based on the thermal-mechanical effect of FPA, the working principle of optical readout FPA infrared imaging system is introduced. Secondly, in view of the large size, heavy weight and complicated structure of the conventional system, a novel optical readout system with the characteristics of high integration is presented. Then, after analyzing and discussing the aberration tolerance of optical readout infrared FPA imaging system, the optical readout system containing a special-shaped prism is simulated and designed. Finally, an optical readout infrared FPA imaging system integrated with optics, mechanics, electronics and computer technology is designed and realized. The system prototype is implemented and the experimental results indicate that the size of the optical readout infrared FPA imaging system is reduced to 175 mm×83 mm×105 mm, on the premise of guaranteeing the image quality and sensitivity. The optical readout FPA infrared imaging system with a special-shaped prism as the core component can effectively reduce the volume, weight and power consumption of the imaging system, and promote the system′s industrial application.