本文基于变系数的非线性薛定谔方程,数值地讨论高峰值脉冲在色散渐减光纤中的激发和传输。首先,基于变系数非线性薛定谔方程的Peregrine 孤子解,解析和数值地讨论精确的Peregrine 孤子在色散渐减光纤中的传输特性。其次,通过输入不同的平面波背景上的局域脉冲,研究高峰值脉冲在非线性色散渐减光纤中的激发和传输。结果显示Peregrine 孤子在色散渐减光纤中传输时,会产生一个空间和时间都局域化的高峰值单脉冲,并且当啁啾为负时,脉冲的幅值增加,脉宽被压缩。若光纤系统存在增益,脉冲的幅值也会增加。由于非线性光纤中的调制不稳定性过程,不同平面波背景上的小局部扰动都可激发出高峰值脉冲,除了峰值和宽度略有不同外,激发脉冲的形状几乎相同。

Based on the variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrdinger equation, the paper numerically discussed the excitation and propagation of high-amplitude pulses in dispersion-decreasing fiber. Firstly, a Peregrine soliton solution based on the variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrdinger equation, analytically and numerically discussed the transmission properties of Peregrine soliton in dispersion-decreasing fiber. Secondly, using different localized pulses as input on continuous-wave background, we studied the excitation and propagation of high-amplitude pulses in dispersion-decreasing fiber. The result showed that when Peregrine soliton transmited in dispersion-decreasing fiber,a single localized high-amplitude pulse both on time and space was generated.And when the chirp is negative, the amplitude of the pulse increased and the width was compressed. If the optical fiber system posses gain, the amplitude of pulses will increase as well. Furthermore, the different small localized perturbations on continuous-wave background can all excite the high-amplitude pulse due to the modulation instability process, and excitation pulses are almost same except for the peak value and width.