以对叔丁基硫杂杯［4］芳烃（TCA）为受体、 苝和十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）分别为荧光体和自组装模板剂, 通过在水中的胶束自组装作用制备得到一种新型的“ON–OFF”型Cu2+荧光化学传感器。 论文选用荧光猝灭率为考察指标, 详细考察了受体TCA用量、 自组装模板剂SDBS浓度、 Cu2+浓度和共存金属离子等影响因素对胶束自组装荧光化学传感器Cu2+检测性能的影响情况。 实验结果表明, 当受体TCA与荧光体苝的摩尔浓度比值达到1 000, 自组装模板剂SDBS浓度为50 mmol·L-1, 该荧光化学传感器对水中铜离子具有较好的检测能力, 待测Cu2+浓度在一定浓度范围内与荧光猝灭率呈线性相关。 此外, 荧光化学传感器的Cu2+检测性能基本不受Pb2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Ni2+, Zn2+等共存金属离子干扰。 该胶束自组装荧光化学传感器对Cu2+的选择性检测性能主要归因于胶束表面活性剂分子层中TCA受体对Cu2+的识别作用, 而传感器荧光猝灭主要基于胶束内部的电荷转移或能量转移机制。

A novel ON-OFF micelle-based fluorescent chemosensor for Cu2+ ions was prepared through the micellar self-assembling in water solutions with p-tert-butylthiacalix［4］arene (TCA) as receptor, perylene as fluorophore and Sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate (SDBS) as self-assembling template. Several effecting factors, such as the quantities of the receptor TCA, the concentrations of the self-assembling template SDBS, the concentrations of the Cu2+ ions and the co-current metal ions, were investigated for the systematical investigation on the detecting capabilities of the micelle-based fluorescent chemosensor for Cu2+ ions through measuring the quenching of the fluorescent emission of the fluorophore. As the results indicated, when the molar concentration ratio value of the receptor TCA to the fluorophore was equal to 1　000 and the concentrations of the self-assembling template SDBS reached 50 mmol·L-1, the Cu2+ ions could be detected preferably by the prepared micelle-based fluorescent chemosensor. The concentrations of the Cu2+ ions could be almost linearly measured according to the quenching ratios of the fluorescent emission in a certain range of concentration. Furthermore, the detecting capabilities of the micelle-based fluorescent chemosensor for the Cu2+ ions were almost not influenced by the co-existing metal ions such as Pb2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ ions. The selective detecting capabilities of the obtained micelle-based fluorescent chemosensor for the Cu2+ ions could be mainly attributed to the recognition of the receptor TCA in the surfactant micelle with the Cu2+ ions, and the quenching of the fluorescent emission of the fluorophore was estimated to be based on an intramicellar electron-transfer or energy-transfer mechanism.